The ECOSYSTEM is a functional unit between communities with their environment.
The circumstances that led to the formation of the ecosystem are the environmental components that work through tolerance and an assortment of organisms that can live in a certain place.
1. CLIMATE AND BIOGEOGRAPHY
In the face of the Earth there are millions of different living beings. State of the climate strongly influenced the formation of the variation of organisms. Climate and vegetation or hewanya is a large scale ecosystem called the area of habitat or biomes.
In other words the biomes are a collection of different species of the main climatic regions on Earthand have considerable differences. Biomes are distinguished into three parts namely terrestrial habitats, habitats of water (freshwater and seawater).
2. TERRESTRIAL HABITAT
terrestrial habitats berkaita with air, soil and climate. It affects the kinds of organisms in a given area. terrestrial habitats can be divided into a number of biomes (regions of habitat). The existence of the Earth's biomes because Division we are divided into several areas according height and latitude.
Biomes-habitats on land biomes include:
a. the tundra Biomes
b. Biomes tagia
c. Biomes temperate deciduous forest region
d. tropical wet Evergreen and
e. Biomes of mangrove forests (mangroves)
f. grassland Biomes
g. Biomes desert and half-desert
h. savanna Biomes
i. Biomes of the forest Moss
a. Evergreen tundra
means Plains without trees, which consists only of the types of grasses and lichens. Tundra areas can be found in the northern part of Scandinavia, Finland, Russia, Siberia and Canada. Animals typical of this area are the Oxen and Reindeer. Tundra biomes characteristics:
1. in the satrapies just get less energy radiation.
2. If winter, the atmosphere darkened continuously. At the time, freshwater bird feeder
place moved south. While Fox and birds prey on gulls compatriots seals along the
coast.
3. If it's summer, the State being the light continuously. Lichenes, Spaghnum and grass
grew close the surface. Plants flowering simultaneously. While the animals roam in
search of food. A group of freshwater and coastal birds lay eggs and then kept her
children.
b. Tagia Biomes
Biomes tagia is located somewhat to the South of the Tundra. Tagia is widely diffused, area and are found in mainland Scandinavia, Russia, Siberia, Alaska and Canada.
The characteristics of the ecosystem in Tagia Biomes:
1. Differences in summer and winter are very striking. If the summer temperatures are very high, while the winter is very low.
2. In the summer, the plants grown for 3-6 months.
3. Jungle overgrown tree groups mainly tagia needles and looks green throughout the year.
4. Types of animals in the area generally tagia wolves and bears.
c. Biomes Temperate Deciduous Forest Region.
Deciduous forest biomes, also known as Desiduous Forest, called so because of the Woods wither or fall. This original forest types include most of the areas with a temperate climate in Europe, Asia, the Americas and the areas south of the equator. But because of the influence of the development of the opening of the forest as a place of settlement so that it is now somewhat diminished.
Distinctive biomes temperate deciduous forest areas are:
1. Rainfall is evenly distributed throughout the year.
2. have a forest that is typical, i.e. forest molt or fall.
3. Has four seasons, summer, autumn, winter and spring.
4. plant species at a forest of Oaks and a bit closer than the area of tropical forests.
In the summer, the energy in the area of forest biomes molt is fairly high. This situation makes the humidity so increased. Large trees growing influence, the leaf-shaped hood. The leaves are thin so that owned a small portion of the light can penetrate to the bottom. the fauna at the time of the summer developing quite well. Many deciduous forest areas huni animals such as insects, birds, squirrel and raccoon.
If winter comes, temperatures are very low and cold. This makes the water is pretty cold and plants began to subjugate them difficult. As a result the leaves become flushed served together and eventually fall out, the forest became a molt. The leaves and fruit that fall into a pile of organic compounds. In the winter, this area of fauna not many activities, but rather the hoard food and fattening body. Some types of animals make a foxhole and stockpiling food for supplies. As for animal type of rodent silence form the FAT to warm her body. While the insect-eating birds do migrate to the tropics.
Spring is the season of the mark with the leaves of the trees blossoming Since the summer. When towards the summer, snow and water that freezes so melt. the animals are resting and hiding in her start doing activities again. The birds that used to leave these biomes returns.
d. Tropical Wet Evergreen Forests
Biomes are listed along the equator. Because of the intensity of the very high enough, then the temperatures are high, too. Tropical wet forest environment is considered the most steady climate. The trees that grow in it from various eppifit and liana with leaf, owned up to the tops of trees. Tropical wet forest biomes encountered in the Valley of the Amazon, South America, Indonesia, Western India, Muanghtai, Malaysia, Congo and Africa.
The characteristics of tropical wet forest biomes:
1. Have the various species of flora. Main tree can reach a height of 20-40 meters
with branches and leaves luxuriant.
2. In the area of tropical forest, in addition there are also tree ferns-pakuan.
3. Animals are types of diural (active during the day) and noctural (active at night).
4. Rainfall is quite high, throughout the year, an average of 200-225 cm pan annual.
5. The sun shines all year round.
6. From one month to another month temperature changes are not too much.
7. In the shade (canopy) the tree thus no change in temperature between day and night.
8. The types of plants that live in the environment of the canopy is the nation of orchids.
9. Fauna consists of jungle cats, squirrels, leopards, Jaguars, monkeys, birds, pigs and so forth.
e. Biomes Mangrove Forests
The mangrove forest biomes encountered in tropical areas as well as subtropik. That is along the beach and its surroundings have high levels of salt.
Mangrove biomes characteristics:
1. There is a sloping beach in tropical areas as well as subtropik.
2. The levels of salt in these places is very high.
3. Leaves evergreen trees in the mangrove and stiff, thick enough to prevent evaporation.
4. Also known as mangrove forests because it consists of mangrove plants.
In indonesia, there are mangroves along the East coast of Sumatra, South Kalimantan and West Coast, as well as all the beaches are low in Irian Jaya. Types of fauna found in this area are monitor lizards, crocodiles, sea snakes, fish-eating birds and so on.
f. Prairie Biomes.
After the forest Oaks, more to the South again there is grassland biomes. The temperature of the temperature in this area is higher, but the annual precipitation totals fewer than on forest biomes molt.
Characteristics of grassland biomes:
1. Rain is irregular.
2. Rainfall of about 25-50 cm per year (in some pastures until it reaches an annual
100 cm)
3. The State of the irregular rain causes prositias and drainage. As a result of the
difficult plants absorb water.
Grassland biomes are found in regions of North America, Asia, Europe (mainly in Hungary and South Russia). While in the South of the Equator there is on the continent of Australis and South America.
Type of resident animals such as bison grassland biomes, elephant, giraffe, zebra, Kangaroo, Lion, wild dog, cheetah, wolves, snakes, birds and so on.
Types of flora such as bluestem and indian grass grasses with a height of 3 meters. While the short-grass species such as gama and buffalo grasses.
g. Biomes Desert and half desert.
Area desert or desert there are in the region of half a line of 23.5 ' LU and LS. For example the Gobi desert in CHINA, the Arabian Desert in Asia. the Sahara desert in North Africa.
Desert biomes characteristics:
1. There is a plant xerofita (hold less water).
2. low Vegetation has a very small leaves, serves water needs saving.
3. plants that have been brought forth soon die.
4. In the rainy season, flowering and fruiting.
5. In most places there are many oasis of lush vegetation and dense.
6. Wild animals and be active at night and during the day hiding in her home.
7. Animals typical wilderness is the camel that can store water in his body enough to
the preparation of several days.
The area of desert vegetation have half a lot more compared to the area of desert. Sometimes there are plants of the short-lived and their life cycle adapted to the water supply.
h. Savanna Biomes
Savanna biomes are areas of suitable habitat appears to be grassland but here and there overgrown trees are irregular (huddle). There are savanna biomes in the tropical regions as well as the subtropik bulk hujanya mediocre, for example in Africa, Australia or in Indonesia. Fauna in the savanna biomes such as zebra, Antelope, giraffes, and predators such as lions and leopards.
There are 2 kinds:
1. savanna Savanna pure, is the savanna there are trees consisting of one type of
plant, e.g., sabana sabana gebang Acacia leucophloea, etc.
2. mix the savanna, is a savanna there are many different types of trees.
for freshwater habitat and habitat of sea water please read on freshwater habitat and sea water
The circumstances that led to the formation of the ecosystem are the environmental components that work through tolerance and an assortment of organisms that can live in a certain place.
1. CLIMATE AND BIOGEOGRAPHY
In the face of the Earth there are millions of different living beings. State of the climate strongly influenced the formation of the variation of organisms. Climate and vegetation or hewanya is a large scale ecosystem called the area of habitat or biomes.
In other words the biomes are a collection of different species of the main climatic regions on Earthand have considerable differences. Biomes are distinguished into three parts namely terrestrial habitats, habitats of water (freshwater and seawater).
2. TERRESTRIAL HABITAT
terrestrial habitats berkaita with air, soil and climate. It affects the kinds of organisms in a given area. terrestrial habitats can be divided into a number of biomes (regions of habitat). The existence of the Earth's biomes because Division we are divided into several areas according height and latitude.
Biomes-habitats on land biomes include:
a. the tundra Biomes
b. Biomes tagia
c. Biomes temperate deciduous forest region
d. tropical wet Evergreen and
e. Biomes of mangrove forests (mangroves)
f. grassland Biomes
g. Biomes desert and half-desert
h. savanna Biomes
i. Biomes of the forest Moss
a. Evergreen tundra
means Plains without trees, which consists only of the types of grasses and lichens. Tundra areas can be found in the northern part of Scandinavia, Finland, Russia, Siberia and Canada. Animals typical of this area are the Oxen and Reindeer. Tundra biomes characteristics:
1. in the satrapies just get less energy radiation.
2. If winter, the atmosphere darkened continuously. At the time, freshwater bird feeder
place moved south. While Fox and birds prey on gulls compatriots seals along the
coast.
3. If it's summer, the State being the light continuously. Lichenes, Spaghnum and grass
grew close the surface. Plants flowering simultaneously. While the animals roam in
search of food. A group of freshwater and coastal birds lay eggs and then kept her
children.
b. Tagia Biomes
Biomes tagia is located somewhat to the South of the Tundra. Tagia is widely diffused, area and are found in mainland Scandinavia, Russia, Siberia, Alaska and Canada.
The characteristics of the ecosystem in Tagia Biomes:
1. Differences in summer and winter are very striking. If the summer temperatures are very high, while the winter is very low.
2. In the summer, the plants grown for 3-6 months.
3. Jungle overgrown tree groups mainly tagia needles and looks green throughout the year.
4. Types of animals in the area generally tagia wolves and bears.
c. Biomes Temperate Deciduous Forest Region.
Deciduous forest biomes, also known as Desiduous Forest, called so because of the Woods wither or fall. This original forest types include most of the areas with a temperate climate in Europe, Asia, the Americas and the areas south of the equator. But because of the influence of the development of the opening of the forest as a place of settlement so that it is now somewhat diminished.
Distinctive biomes temperate deciduous forest areas are:
1. Rainfall is evenly distributed throughout the year.
2. have a forest that is typical, i.e. forest molt or fall.
3. Has four seasons, summer, autumn, winter and spring.
4. plant species at a forest of Oaks and a bit closer than the area of tropical forests.
In the summer, the energy in the area of forest biomes molt is fairly high. This situation makes the humidity so increased. Large trees growing influence, the leaf-shaped hood. The leaves are thin so that owned a small portion of the light can penetrate to the bottom. the fauna at the time of the summer developing quite well. Many deciduous forest areas huni animals such as insects, birds, squirrel and raccoon.
If winter comes, temperatures are very low and cold. This makes the water is pretty cold and plants began to subjugate them difficult. As a result the leaves become flushed served together and eventually fall out, the forest became a molt. The leaves and fruit that fall into a pile of organic compounds. In the winter, this area of fauna not many activities, but rather the hoard food and fattening body. Some types of animals make a foxhole and stockpiling food for supplies. As for animal type of rodent silence form the FAT to warm her body. While the insect-eating birds do migrate to the tropics.
Spring is the season of the mark with the leaves of the trees blossoming Since the summer. When towards the summer, snow and water that freezes so melt. the animals are resting and hiding in her start doing activities again. The birds that used to leave these biomes returns.
d. Tropical Wet Evergreen Forests
Biomes are listed along the equator. Because of the intensity of the very high enough, then the temperatures are high, too. Tropical wet forest environment is considered the most steady climate. The trees that grow in it from various eppifit and liana with leaf, owned up to the tops of trees. Tropical wet forest biomes encountered in the Valley of the Amazon, South America, Indonesia, Western India, Muanghtai, Malaysia, Congo and Africa.
The characteristics of tropical wet forest biomes:
1. Have the various species of flora. Main tree can reach a height of 20-40 meters
with branches and leaves luxuriant.
2. In the area of tropical forest, in addition there are also tree ferns-pakuan.
3. Animals are types of diural (active during the day) and noctural (active at night).
4. Rainfall is quite high, throughout the year, an average of 200-225 cm pan annual.
5. The sun shines all year round.
6. From one month to another month temperature changes are not too much.
7. In the shade (canopy) the tree thus no change in temperature between day and night.
8. The types of plants that live in the environment of the canopy is the nation of orchids.
9. Fauna consists of jungle cats, squirrels, leopards, Jaguars, monkeys, birds, pigs and so forth.
e. Biomes Mangrove Forests
The mangrove forest biomes encountered in tropical areas as well as subtropik. That is along the beach and its surroundings have high levels of salt.
Mangrove biomes characteristics:
1. There is a sloping beach in tropical areas as well as subtropik.
2. The levels of salt in these places is very high.
3. Leaves evergreen trees in the mangrove and stiff, thick enough to prevent evaporation.
4. Also known as mangrove forests because it consists of mangrove plants.
In indonesia, there are mangroves along the East coast of Sumatra, South Kalimantan and West Coast, as well as all the beaches are low in Irian Jaya. Types of fauna found in this area are monitor lizards, crocodiles, sea snakes, fish-eating birds and so on.
f. Prairie Biomes.
After the forest Oaks, more to the South again there is grassland biomes. The temperature of the temperature in this area is higher, but the annual precipitation totals fewer than on forest biomes molt.
Characteristics of grassland biomes:
1. Rain is irregular.
2. Rainfall of about 25-50 cm per year (in some pastures until it reaches an annual
100 cm)
3. The State of the irregular rain causes prositias and drainage. As a result of the
difficult plants absorb water.
Grassland biomes are found in regions of North America, Asia, Europe (mainly in Hungary and South Russia). While in the South of the Equator there is on the continent of Australis and South America.
Type of resident animals such as bison grassland biomes, elephant, giraffe, zebra, Kangaroo, Lion, wild dog, cheetah, wolves, snakes, birds and so on.
Types of flora such as bluestem and indian grass grasses with a height of 3 meters. While the short-grass species such as gama and buffalo grasses.
g. Biomes Desert and half desert.
Area desert or desert there are in the region of half a line of 23.5 ' LU and LS. For example the Gobi desert in CHINA, the Arabian Desert in Asia. the Sahara desert in North Africa.
Desert biomes characteristics:
1. There is a plant xerofita (hold less water).
2. low Vegetation has a very small leaves, serves water needs saving.
3. plants that have been brought forth soon die.
4. In the rainy season, flowering and fruiting.
5. In most places there are many oasis of lush vegetation and dense.
6. Wild animals and be active at night and during the day hiding in her home.
7. Animals typical wilderness is the camel that can store water in his body enough to
the preparation of several days.
The area of desert vegetation have half a lot more compared to the area of desert. Sometimes there are plants of the short-lived and their life cycle adapted to the water supply.
h. Savanna Biomes
Savanna biomes are areas of suitable habitat appears to be grassland but here and there overgrown trees are irregular (huddle). There are savanna biomes in the tropical regions as well as the subtropik bulk hujanya mediocre, for example in Africa, Australia or in Indonesia. Fauna in the savanna biomes such as zebra, Antelope, giraffes, and predators such as lions and leopards.
There are 2 kinds:
1. savanna Savanna pure, is the savanna there are trees consisting of one type of
plant, e.g., sabana sabana gebang Acacia leucophloea, etc.
2. mix the savanna, is a savanna there are many different types of trees.
for freshwater habitat and habitat of sea water please read on freshwater habitat and sea water
EmoticonEmoticon